Noninvasive Diagnostic Techniques for Coronary Disease in Women

Noninvasive diagnostic techniques in vascular disease.

In order to evaluate the degree of arterial insufficiency, measurement of blood pressure, blood flow, flow velocity and waveform has been the focus of noninvasive diagnostic techniques. Noninvasive estimation of the degree of venous reflux has been an important problem, in place of invasive measurement of venous pressure. Although vascular imaging provides excellent informations about occlusive...

Noninvasive Techniques in Assessing Coronary Artery Disease

Noninvasive Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease in Women: What’s Next?

Significant progress in research has been made in the areas of sex-specific aspects of cardiovascular disease. Despite these advances, coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death of women in the Western world. Over the past decade, the focused research on women at risk for ischemic heart disease has helped to clarify our understanding of some of the sex-specific factors, which a...

Noninvasive diagnostic strategies for peripheral arterial disease.

A variety of diagnostic methods for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are available, each with strengths and limitations. The ankle-brachial index is a simple and useful screening tool for PAD that can be performed in the office setting. Segmental limb pressure examinations and pulse volume recordings aid in identifying the location of disease. Pulse volume recordings are especially useful, alo...

Noninvasive diagnostic evaluation for chest pain in women.

Women are eight times less likely to develop myocardial infarction than men are; nonetheless, when myocardial ischemic disease is present, it has a worse evolution . No explanations for this fact are available, although speculations exist about the inadequate manner of diagnosis. It is worth emphasizing that in studies about coronary disease, women are either a minority or excluded from the stu...